The Corpus of Hittite Divinatory Texts (HDivT)

Digital Edition and Cultural Historical Analysis

Andrea Trameri (Hrsg.)

Citatio: Andrea Trameri (Hrsg.), hethiter.net/: CTH 573.4 (TRde 2025-08-05)


CTH 573.4

Bird oracles by the augur Zapalli

translatio



Abschnitt 1ID=1: obv. §1´. (fragmentary)

1ID=1 --

[][]

2ID=2 --

[… flew] a[way …]

3ID=3 --

[][]

4ID=4 --

[].

Abschnitt 2ID=2: obv. §2´. Oracle report (fragmentary)

5ID=5 --

[]

6ID=6 --

let the [bir]ds confirm (it).

7ID=7 --

[… it ca]me []

8ID=8 --

and it []

9ID=9 --

w[e saw a … bird] GUN-(li)an.

10ID=10 --

[]

11ID=11 --

[We saw an ea]gle and a ḫaštapi- bird []

12ID=12 --

[]

13ID=13 --

they flew [aw]ay [].

14ID=14 --

[Thus (says) …: “…”].1

Abschnitt 3ID=3: obv. §3´. Oracle report: About a keldi- rite

15ID=15 --

[] a keldi- (offering) rite

16ID=16 --

we saw [a … bird …]

17ID=17 --

and it [ba]ck []

18ID=18 --

[] … an aramnan[t- bird …]

19ID=19 --

[] … it flew away [].

20ID=20 --

Behind the road:

21ID=21 --

a tapašši- bird []

22ID=22 --

[] … we saw a [… bird] GUN-(li)an

23ID=23 --

and it [] G[UN-li]

24ID=24 --

[a … bird/it] came in the back up from the favorable side

25ID=25 --

and it [flew] away in front.

26ID=26 --

[]

27ID=27 --

[]

Abschnitt 4ID=4: obv. §4´. Oracle report: About offering(s)

28ID=28 --

[] with the offering [] I []

29ID=29 --

and in that []

30ID=30 --

we saw [a … bird …]

31ID=31 --

and it went GUN-li len[gth]ways.

32ID=32 --

An aramnant- bird, however, []

33ID=33 --

It came in front from the favo[rable side]

34ID=34 --

and it flew away in the middle.

35ID=35 --

In the back up from the unfavorable side2 []

36ID=36 --

[] diagonally from the unfavorable side.

37ID=37 --

A ḫaštapi- bird, however, … []

38ID=38 --

[] it turned [back].

39ID=39 --

It came in front from the favorable side

40ID=40 --

and it [flew awa]y in the middle.

41ID=41 --

[Thus (says) …: “…”]

Abschnitt 5ID=5: obv. §5´. Oracle report (fragmentary)

42ID=42 --

[]

43ID=43 --

[] let the birds c[onfirm (it)].

44ID=44 --

[We saw] a tapašši- bird []

45ID=45 --

[] it left [d]roppings,

46ID=46 --

it took flight

47ID=47 --

and [it …]

48ID=48 --

It (came) in front from the favorable side

49ID=49 --

and it [flew away in fr]ont.

50ID=50 --

[… it ca]me []

51ID=51 --

and it [flew] away in front.

52ID=52 --

[] it came []

53ID=53 --

and it [flew] away in front.

54ID=54 --

[]

Abschnitt 6ID=6: obv. §6´. Oracle report: new question/addendum (fragmentary)

55ID=55 --

[] I will let (it) be;3

56ID=56 --

[let] the birds [confirm/exclude (it)].

Abschnitt 7ID=7: obv. §7´. Oracle report: offences against the Storm god of Urikina

57ID=57 --

[] to [] the Storm-god of Urikina,

58ID=58 --

only4 these of[fences …]

59ID=59 --

[We saw] a [ta]pašši- bird []

60ID=60 --

and it cam[e] in the back up from the favorable side

61ID=61 --

[An eagle], however [],

62ID=62 --

it came in front from the unfavorable side

63ID=63 --

and i[t turned back]5

64ID=64 --

[][]

65ID=65 --

and it [fl]ew a[wa]y in fro[nt].

66ID=66 --

[]

67ID=67 --

and it []

68ID=68 --

[]

obv. breaks off

Abschnitt 8ID=8: rev. §8´. Oracle report, augur Zapalli (fragmentary)

69ID=69 --

[]

70ID=70 --

and it [turned ba]ck []

71ID=71 --

Thu[s (says) Z]apa[lli]:

72ID=72 --

[“…”]

Abschnitt 9ID=9: rev. §9´. Oracle report: about the town of Zitḫara, augur Zapalli

73ID=73 --

Because the dei[tyin] Zi[tḫara …]

74ID=74 --

[is it] about/because of that?

75ID=75 --

Let the birds confirm (it).

76ID=76 --

[]

77ID=77 --

and they came in front from the favorable side.

78ID=78 --

[]

79ID=79 --

We saw an eagle GUN-lian,

80ID=80 --

and it []

81ID=81 --

[and it] flew away in fr[on]t.

82ID=82 --

Be[hind the road]:

83ID=83 --

We sa[w … birds …]

84ID=84 --

and they [came] in front []

85ID=85 --

[]

86ID=86 --

[] eagles, however, [came] in the back up from the fav[orable side].

87ID=87 --

[Th]us (says) Zapalli:

88ID=88 --

“it was confirmed”.

Abschnitt 10ID=10: rev. §10´. Oracle report: unclear topic, augur Zapalli

89ID=89 --

[]

90ID=90 --

The first (one) [] not[hing …] for him/herself.6

91ID=91 --

[].

92ID=92 --

[Let] the birds confirm (it).

93ID=93 --

[a … bird/it] came in front from the unfavorable side

94ID=94 --

and []

95ID=95 --

however, we saw a [… bird] tar(uya)lian

96ID=96 --

and []

97ID=97 --

[] it flew GUN-lian.

98ID=98 --

Behind the r[oad]:

99ID=99 --

[A … bird …]

100ID=100 --

[and it] came in front from the unfavorable side

101ID=101 --

we saw [a … bird … G]UN-lian.

102ID=102 --

It [came] in fr[ont …]

103ID=103 --

[it] flew lengthways tar(uya)li-.

104ID=104 --

Thus (says) [the augur …]:

105ID=105 --

[“they ex]cluded (it)”.7

Abschnitt 11ID=11: rev. §11´. Oracle report: about the festival of the New Year

106ID=106 --

Concerning [the festival] of the New Year, His Maj[esty/the Sun (god) …]

107ID=107 --

[If] it [] for me, because of the matter []

108ID=108 --

[Let the birds …]

109ID=109 --

We saw [a(n) …]-ašši bird tar(uya)lian,

110ID=110 --

and i[t …]

111ID=111 --

[it] came in front from the favorable side

112ID=112 --

and it [flew away] in the mid[dle].

113ID=113 --

We saw [… birds GU]N-lian,

114ID=114 --

and they [came] in the b[ack …]

115ID=115 --

[and] they fle[w away …].

116ID=116 --

Behind the road:

117ID=117 --

an ea[gle …]

118ID=118 --

[] came []

119ID=119 --

[]

rev. breaks off

Possibly, the augur is Zapalli, the author of the only two entries where the augur’s name is preserved. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that other augurs also contributed to this text (see also the discussion in Introductio).
This sentence is unusual for two reasons: the subject is not expressed, and the formula is atypical, as flights from the ‘unfavorable’ side are as a rule only associated with the adverb ‘down’ (not ‘up’). One might expect the bird’s name to follow in the break, but the word order is atypical in the standard formulary. Otherwise, the sentence cannot refer to the previously mentioned bird, since this bird “flew away,” a movement that typically concludes the description of a bird's flight.
Unless this is talliya- ‘to call upon (a god), beseech’ (thus Sakuma Y. 2009b, II, 436). This interpretation seems less likely, as the expected spelling would be tal-li-…; this verb is otherwise not attested in the first person (see Kloekhorst A. 2008a, 819).
Or: “these very of[fences …]”.
Tentative: nu=z[a appa/EGIR dāš].
Cf. Sakuma Y. 2009b, II, 439, who interprets the first term as a verbal form: “[] … er sieht sich keines[wegs …]”.
The formula arḫa=wa pe[ššer] is indented in rev. 20´, but the name of the augur (Zapalli?) would not fit in the small residual space: most likely, there was no text at all. Instead, UM-[MA] was apparently already written in rev. 19´, and the name or title of the augur followed on the same line.
Editio ultima: Traductionis 2025-08-05